A motor gear is a rotary circular machine that has a cutting tooth, or in the case of a partial cog or gear, an inserted tooth (called a cog) that meshes with another tooth to transmit torque. A gear may also be informally called a cog. Gearing can change the speed, torque and direction of a power source. Different sized gears create a torque variation through the gear ratio, which creates a mechanical advantage, so it can be considered a simple machine. At this speed, the torque of the two meshing gears is proportional to the diameter. The teeth on both meshing gears have the same shape.

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